空间数据挖掘(Spatial Data Mining,SDM)即找出开始并不知道但是却隐藏在空间数据中潜在的、有价值的规则的过程。具体来说,空间数据挖掘就是在海量空间数据集中,结合确定集、模糊集、仿生学等理论,利用人工智能、模式识别等科学技术,提取出令人相信的、潜在有用的知识,发现空间数据集背后隐藏的规律、联系,为空间决策提供理论技术上的依据[1]。
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